Neurological surgeons diagnose and treat disorders of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Their expertise plays a significant role in managing spinal conditions that may call for surgical treatment. Here is more information on how neurological surgeons evaluate patients with spine problems, common spinal surgical procedures, and how these specialists guide patients through recovery after surgery:
Exploring the Preoperative Evaluation
Neurological surgeons start the evaluation with a thorough review of the patient’s symptoms and medical history. The surgeon asks about the onset, duration, and features of symptoms, such as pain, numbness, muscle weakness, or changes in movement. This initial conversation helps target the next steps in assessment. The surgeon carries out a physical and neurological examination to assess muscle strength, sensation, reflexes, and walking function. These tests help identify how the spinal condition affects nerve function or movement.
Imaging studies then provide detailed views of the spine and surrounding structures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers high-resolution images of the spinal cord, nerves, and soft tissues. Computed tomography (CT) scans highlight the bones of the vertebrae with precision. The information from these studies helps the surgeon confirm the diagnosis, locate the affected area, and decide if surgery is an appropriate next step.
Identifying Common Surgical Procedures
Neurological surgeons use several techniques to address different spinal problems. One common operation is a discectomy, used when a herniated disc presses on a nerve and causes pain or weakness. In this procedure, the surgeon removes the damaged part of the disc to relieve pressure on the nerve.
For patients with spinal stenosis, where the spinal canal narrows and presses on nerves, a laminectomy may be necessary. The surgeon removes a small portion of bone, called the lamina, to create more space for the nerves and spinal cord.
Spinal fusion helps manage instability, certain deformities like scoliosis, or degenerative disc disease. The procedure involves joining two or more vertebrae so they heal into a single, stable unit. Surgeons use bone grafts and often place rods, screws, or plates to help stabilize the spine during the healing process.
Understanding Care After Spine Surgery
A neurological surgeon’s involvement continues through the recovery phase. Right after surgery, the surgeon monitors the patient to detect complications and to manage any pain. The patient receives clear instructions about movement restrictions, such as limits on bending, lifting, or twisting, to protect the surgical site while healing takes place.
Follow-up visits allow the surgeon to check healing and monitor for signs of infection or other issues. During these appointments, the surgeon may evaluate neurological function and order new imaging studies to check the progress of spinal fusion or the position of surgical implants. Neurological surgeons often work closely with physical therapists. Physical therapy supports the patient’s recovery by helping to restore strength, mobility, and flexibility. A tailored rehabilitation plan aims to help each patient regain function and mobility after surgery. The surgeon monitors progress and remains involved until recovery goals have been achieved.
Find Neurological Surgeons
Neurological surgeons provide careful evaluation, precise surgical treatment, and thorough postoperative care for patients with spine conditions. They start by assessing symptoms, conducting exams, and ordering imaging studies to guide treatment decisions. They perform procedures such as discectomy, laminectomy, and spinal fusion to address spinal disorders. Their post-surgical care includes monitoring recovery and collaborating with rehabilitation specialists to help patients regain function and improve their quality of life. This structured approach helps manage complex spinal conditions and supports safe surgical outcomes.
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