Spinal cord stimulation is a medical approach that uses electrical impulses to interrupt pain signals before they reach the brain. This treatment involves surgically placing a small device that delivers controlled electrical stimulation to the spinal cord through thin wires called leads. Modern techniques offer patients more options to treat spinal conditions that have not responded to traditional methods. Here’s more information on different approaches to spinal cord stimulation treatment:
Types of Spinal Cord Stimulators
Modern spinal cord stimulation technology encompasses several types of devices, each designed to address specific patient needs and pain patterns. Conventional tonic stimulation delivers constant, low-frequency electrical pulses that create a tingling sensation, referred to as paresthesia, to mask pain signals. This established approach has served as the foundation for spinal cord stimulation therapy for many years.
High-frequency stimulation operates at frequencies typically above 1,200 Hz, delivering stimulation without producing paresthesia. This approach represents a significant advancement in stimulation technology, providing patients with pain relief while preserving normal sensation. Current spinal cord stimulation devices feature several distinct designs and benefits. The most common systems include:
- Conventional Implantable Pulse Generators (IPGs)
- Rechargeable IPGs
- Radiofrequency Stimulators
Conventional IPGs
Conventional implantable pulse generators are battery-powered devices surgically placed under the skin. Once implanted, these generators deliver a set program of electrical impulses to the spinal cord via leads. When their non-rechargeable batteries are depleted, replacement with a new unit is required. These systems are valuable for managing less severe chronic pain that occurs in one area of the body.
Rechargeable IPGs
Rechargeable IPGs are similar in structure and function to conventional models but feature rechargeable batteries, which can extend device longevity. These systems typically require periodic recharging via an external wireless charger, but can stay in place for many years before replacement is necessary. Rechargeable IPGs often offer more advanced programming options and are suitable for patients who require high energy outputs or wish to minimize the need for replacement surgeries.
Radiofrequency Stimulators
Radiofrequency (RF) stimulators are less common but remain an option for specific cases. These devices utilize an external power source that transmits energy via radiofrequency waves to an implanted receiver, allowing them to be rechargeable. The patient carries or wears an external unit to power the system.
Uses of Each Stimulator Type
Conventional IPGs are typically chosen for patients with less complex pain patterns. They offer straightforward device management with fewer lifestyle modifications. Conventional IPGs are suitable for individuals who do not require frequent changes in stimulation settings or high power output for their pain management.
Rechargeable IPGs are often recommended for individuals who need higher energy stimulation. The rechargeable batteries last longer and can handle higher stimulation demands. They are used for patients seeking more flexible stimulation patterns or for those where device longevity is a priority.
Radiofrequency stimulators are capable of delivering high-energy stimulation for more complex cases that primarily impact the legs and lower back. RF stimulators are reserved for a subset of patients who may benefit from higher power output, like those who cannot use IPGs. Individuals who are comfortable with carrying or wearing an external power source and require broad pain coverage across multiple regions may find RF stimulators appropriate.
Benefits of Specific Devices
Conventional IPGs offer a straightforward operation. The lack of recharging routines makes them preferable for individuals who seek an easy-to-use device. Rechargeable IPGs offer the benefit of reduced need for surgical replacements, extended device life, and often more sophisticated programming capabilities. Radiofrequency stimulators provide steady power for larger or more complex stimulation fields. Though these systems involve wearing or carrying an external control unit, they allow patients and clinicians to manage extensive pain regions and modify settings as necessary for varying activities or needs.
Explore Spinal Cord Stimulation
Each type of stimulator presents unique characteristics that may benefit different patient populations and pain conditions. Selecting an appropriate system requires a careful evaluation of individual patient needs, pain patterns, and lifestyle habits. Consulting with healthcare providers who specialize in pain management can help determine which approach is most suitable for specific circumstances. Schedule an appointment today.
