Living with a movement disorder can present unique challenges in daily life. When medications or other therapies do not provide enough relief, surgical options may be discussed as part of a comprehensive care plan. Understanding how surgery can address symptoms of certain movement disorders helps you and your care team explore all available paths. This information offers a general overview of the role surgery can play in managing these conditions.
What Are Movement Disorders?
Movement disorders are neurological conditions that affect the speed, fluency, quality, and ease of movement. They can result in either excessive or slowed voluntary and involuntary movements. These conditions stem from issues in specific areas of the brain that control motor function. The communication pathways between brain cells become disrupted, leading to the symptoms experienced.
The range of movement disorders is broad, with some of the more commonly known ones being Parkinson’s disease, tremors, and dystonia. Each condition has a distinct set of characteristics, and the impact on an individual’s life varies widely. The progression and severity of symptoms depend on the specific type of movement disorder and the person’s unique health profile.
How Does Surgery Help?
Surgical approaches for movement disorders often target specific structures deep within the brain. Procedures like deep-brain stimulation, or DBS, involve implanting electrodes into these areas. The electrodes are connected to a small device, similar to a pacemaker, which is placed under the skin in the chest. This device sends electrical impulses to the brain, helping to regulate the abnormal signals that cause motor symptoms.
The goal of this type of neurostimulation is to modulate the faulty brain circuits. By delivering controlled electrical pulses, DBS can help manage tremors, stiffness, and slowed movement associated with certain conditions. Another surgical method involves creating a small lesion in a precise brain location to interrupt the abnormal signaling pathway. The selection of a surgical technique depends on the specific disorder and the individual’s symptoms.
Who Benefits From Surgery?
Not everyone with a movement disorder is a candidate for surgery. A thorough evaluation by a team of specialists, including a neurologist and a neurosurgeon, determines if surgery is a suitable option. This evaluation process assesses the specific type and stage of the disorder, the person’s response to medication, and their overall health.
Certain individuals may find that surgery offers relief when their symptoms are no longer well-managed by other treatments. The following conditions are sometimes treated with surgical intervention:
- Parkinson’s disease: People who experience significant motor fluctuations or dyskinesia from medication may be evaluated for surgery.
- Tremors: When tremors become severe and do not respond to medication, surgery can be an option to reduce their intensity.
- Dystonia: For certain types of generalized or focal dystonia that are resistant to other forms of treatment, surgery might be explored.
The decision to proceed with surgery is made on a case-by-case basis. A detailed discussion about the potential outcomes and risks is a key part of the process. This helps to set realistic expectations for what surgery can achieve in managing symptoms.
Consult a Specialist
Navigating the treatment options for movement disorders requires specialized medical guidance. A neurologist who specializes in these conditions can provide a comprehensive diagnosis and a personalized management plan. They can help you understand your specific condition and discuss all available treatments, including whether surgery is an appropriate path for you to explore. Working closely with your specialist allows you to make informed decisions about your health.
